Net interest income
Interest earned on loans and securities minus interest paid on deposits and borrowings; the largest revenue source for most banks.
Bank stocks
National commercial banks take deposits and lend them out, earning the spread between loan and deposit rates, plus fees from payments, cards, wealth management and investment banking. Their profits depend on interest rates, loan growth, credit losses and the cost of holding capital regulators require.
How bank companies make money
Fee income
Card, payments, deposit-service, wealth and asset-management fees that depend less on rates.
Markets and investment banking
Trading, underwriting and advisory revenue, concentrated at the largest banks such as JPMorgan, Bank of America, Citigroup and Wells Fargo.
What drives bank stocks
- ◆The level and shape of the interest-rate curve
- ◆Deposit costs and competition for deposits
- ◆Loan demand from consumers and businesses
- ◆Credit losses as the economy slows or strengthens
- ◆Capital requirements and stress-test results
Key risks
- ◆Credit losses concentrated in commercial real estate, cards or corporate loans
- ◆Deposit outflows or rapid repricing when rates change
- ◆Unrealized losses on securities holdings
- ◆Regulatory capital changes that restrict shareholder returns
KPIs to track
- Net interest margin
- Net interest income as a share of earning assets.
- Efficiency ratio
- Non-interest expense divided by revenue; lower means more efficient.
- Net charge-offs and provisions
- Loans written off and reserves set aside for expected losses.
- CET1 capital ratio
- Common equity relative to risk-weighted assets; limits buybacks and dividends.
- Return on tangible common equity
- Profitability on the equity that absorbs losses.
Fiscal calendars in this group
Banks generally report on a calendar year. Revenue in XBRL is usually shown net of interest expense, so compare revenue and margins only with other banks.
| Fiscal year end (SEC) | Companies |
|---|---|
| December 31 | BAC, C, COF, HBAN, JPM, KEY, PNC, RF, TFC, USB, WFC |
Bank stocks: company profiles and annual filings
JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM)
Company research page
JPMorgan Chase is the largest US bank by assets, with leading positions in consumer banking, investment banking, and asset management. Its scale and diversification make it a bellwether for the financial system.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Bank of America Corporation (BAC)
Bank of America is a leading US retail and commercial bank with a large wealth-management arm through Merrill. Its deposit-heavy balance sheet makes it sensitive to shifts in interest rates.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Capital One Financial Corporation (COF)
Capital One is a bank and card issuer focused on credit cards, auto lending, and digital banking.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Citigroup Inc. (C)
Citigroup is a global bank with a distinctive strength in cross-border corporate banking, treasury services, and payments. It is executing a multiyear simplification to sharpen its focus and improve returns.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Huntington Bancshares Incorporated (HBAN)
Huntington Bancshares is a regional bank providing retail and commercial banking in the Midwest.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
KeyCorp (KEY)
KeyCorp is a regional bank providing retail and commercial banking and investment services.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Regions Financial Corporation (RF)
Regions Financial is a Southeast regional bank offering consumer, commercial, and wealth services.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (PNC)
PNC Financial Services is a regional bank providing retail, corporate, and asset-management services.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Truist Financial Corporation (TFC)
Truist Financial is a regional bank formed from BB&T and SunTrust serving the Southeast and beyond.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
U.S. Bancorp (USB)
U.S. Bancorp is a large regional bank offering consumer and commercial banking and payment services.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Wells Fargo & Company (WFC)
Wells Fargo is a major US bank focused on consumer lending, commercial banking, and mortgages. Much of its recent story has centered on operating under and working to exit regulatory restrictions.
- Fiscal year end in SEC snapshot
- December 31
- Annual report period end
- 2025-12-31
Compare companies in this industry
BAC vs JPM
Compare Bank of America Corporation and JPMorgan Chase & Co.: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
C vs JPM
Compare Citigroup Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co.: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
COF vs JPM
Compare Capital One Financial Corporation and JPMorgan Chase & Co.: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
HBAN vs JPM
Compare Huntington Bancshares Incorporated and JPMorgan Chase & Co.: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
JPM vs KEY
Compare JPMorgan Chase & Co. and KeyCorp: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
JPM vs USB
Compare JPMorgan Chase & Co. and U.S. Bancorp: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
JPM vs WFC
Compare JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Wells Fargo & Company: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
BAC vs C
Compare Bank of America Corporation and Citigroup Inc.: business context, fiscal calendars and official filings.
Research on bank companies
Sources and method
Industry codes and annual filing references come from the SEC submissions snapshot linked to each issuer in our company catalog (snapshot ; newer filings may exist). Only groups with at least three distinct issuers, business descriptions and annual filing links are included. Multiple share classes of one issuer count as one company. This is a coverage directory, not a complete industry census or a ranking of investments.
The industry explanation above is editorial and general; it is not drawn from any single company's filing. Company-specific figures are on each stock page with a link to the filing they come from.
SEC Standard Industrial Classification code list explains the classification system. Read our research methodology or browse all industry directories.
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